Historie BASKETBALU
Vznik Basketbalu
Když v roce 1891 učitel tělesné výchovy na vysoké škole ve Springfieldu (USA) James Naismith vymyslel hru, při které studenti házeli míč do koše na broskve přibitého na stěnu, jistě netušil, že položil základ k snad nejrozšířenější a nejoblíbenější hře na světě. Už první pravidla (1982) stanovila jako vůdčí zásady slušnost a kolektivnost, čemuž se ani při svém dalším vývoji nikdy nezpronevěřila.
Z USA se košíková rozšířila do Kanady, Jižní Ameriky, na Filipíny a na Daleký východ, do Evropy pronikla až po 1. světové válce.
V Čechách se první košíková hrála už v roce 1897 na RG ve Vysokém Mýtě zásluhou učitele Karáska na koších bez desek, první pravidla vytvořil v roce 1898 profesor Josef Klenka. Hra se neujala a k rozšíření došlo až po roce 1918 hlavně zásluhou stoupající obliby mezi studenty, pronikla i do Sokola, velkou roli sehrála YMCA. První pravidelné soutěže se hrály v Praze od roku 1928. Na podnět F.M.Marka ředitele pražské YMCA byla v roce 1931 založena Mezinárodní federace košíkové FIBA. Od roku 1935 se hrálo mistrovství ČSR a v témže roce obsadila ČSR na 1.mistrovství Evropy v Ženevě 3. místo.
V době okupace bylo možno hrát jen domácí zápasy. Po roce 1945 nastal velký rozvoj basketbalu, ČR se zařadila mezi nejlepší evropská družstva (např. titul mistrů Evropy v roce 1946 v Ženevě), výborných výsledků dosahovaly rovněž ženy. V současné době je basketbal oblíbený na celém světě a hraje se snad ve všech státech. K jeho popularitě přispěl určitě i start amerických profesionálů na OH v Barceloně, jména Jordan, Pipen, "Magic" Johanson, Barkley, Petrovic, O'Neil atd. zná dnes snad každé dítě.
Basketbal má obrovský význam ve výchově ke smyslu pro kolektiv, sebekontrole a ukázněnosti, rozvíjí iniciativu, samostatné rozhodování a zodpovědné plnění úkolů při hře. Má velký vliv na rozvoj pohybových vlastností, zejména rychlosti, vytrvalosti a obratnosti. Hra je velmi náročná na inteligenci hráčů, jejich tvořivé kombinační schopnosti a rychlou reakci. Snad proto si největší oblibu všude na světě získala mezi studenty a stejně tomu bylo a je i u nás.
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